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Pheromones In Animals

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  Pheromones Pheromones are invisible chemical signals between members of the same species. This is probably the most common mode of communication in the animal kingdom. The discovery of pheromones We meet references to the existence of pheromones from very ancient times. The ancient Greeks were familiar with the invisible signals that dogs emit during estrus and that males feel. They knew that if the female's secretions were placed on a towel, the male would follow the towel. It's not the sound the females made, it's the smell. The problem is that the number of pheromones is very small, and most people are not able to smell such signals between animals. Only in the 1950s, after twenty years of work by a group of chemists led by Adolf Butenandt, who received the Nobel Prize for his work on human molecules - steroids, was a paper published with the chemical definition of the first pheromone. It was bombykol, the female sex pheromone of the silkworm.      How Pheromone...
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Types of pheromones

Classification of pheromones According to their effects, pheromones are divided into two main types: releasers and primers. Releasers  ( eng.  releaser ) encourage the individual to take some immediate action; are used to attract mates, signal danger, and prompt other immediate action. Primers ( eng.  primer ) are used to form certain behavior and influence the development of other individuals: for example, a special pheromone secreted by the queen bee and suppresses the sexual development of other female bees, thus turning them into worker bees. As separate names for some types of pheromones, the following can be given: epagons - sexual attractants ; odmihnions - path marks indicating the way to a hole or to found prey, marks on the boundaries of an individual territory; toribones - pheromones of fear and anxiety ; gonophyons - pheromones that induce sex change ; gamophions - pheromones of puberty; etofion - pheromones of behavior; Lichneumons are pheromones that disguis...
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Tabernanthe iboga

About Tabernanthe iboga Tabernanthe iboga sprouts green leaves bear small fruits and carry within its roots the core of Gabon's Bwiti culture: one of the strongest psychedelic compounds in the world. In its powdered form, the dried husks of iboga root resemble instant coffee. A small dose also works like coffee. Bwiti hunters occasionally use it as a stimulant. Healers also use moderate doses to treat a number of physical ailments. But a larger dose serves the ritual purpose of initiating newcomers to the Bwiti religion. The person undergoing initiation enters a Bwiti temple, where they are covered in powdered clay. Consume iboga, either as dried chips, spoonfuls of powder, or less frequently mixed with tea. Daniel Pinchbeck, whose book Breaking the Head takes its title from the way the Bwiti describe the ceremony, consumed iboga through a banana that had been sliced ​​and filled with powder, as well as spoonfuls of the powder mixed with honey. he describes the taste as "like ...
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