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Spatiotemporal signal propagation in complex networks

Spatiotemporal signal propagation in complex networks A major achievement in the study of complex networks is the realization that diverse systems, from sub-cellular biology to social networks, exhibit universal topological characteristics. Yet, such universality does not naturally translate to the dynamics of these systems, as dynamic behavior cannot be uniquely predicted from topology alone. Rather, it depends on the interplay of the network’s topology with the dynamic mechanisms of interaction between the nodes. Hence, systems with similar structure may exhibit profoundly different dynamic behavior. We therefore seek a general theoretical framework to help us systematically translate topological elements into their predicted dynamic outcome. Here, we offer such a translation in the context of signal propagation, linking the topology of a network to the observed spatiotemporal spread of perturbative signals across it, thus capturing the network’s role in propagating local information...
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Resting Potential Of Membranes

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Brief table of contents  Why do we need to know what the resting potential is? Components of the resting potential Formation of the resting membrane potential Resting potential and action potential Introduction Why do we need to know what the resting potential is? What is "animal electricity"? Where do bio-currents come from in the body? How can a living cell in an aquatic environment turn into an "electric battery"? - We can answer these questions if we find out how a cell creates an electric potential on the membrane due to the redistribution of electric charges (charged particles - ions) . How does the nervous system work? Where does it all begin? Where does the electricity for nerve impulses come from? - We can also answer these questions if we find out how a nerve cell creates an electric potential for itself on the membrane. So, understanding how the nervous system works begins with understanding how a single nerve cell, a neuron, works. The work of a neuro...
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Neural Circuits & Neural network

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Simple neural circuits Definition A neural circuit is a network in which brain regions or individual neurons are the nodes and axonal connections are represented by directed edges. Edges can encode many variables but minimally designate the type of neurotransmitter, which determines whether a cell will excite, inhibit or modulate its targets. Introduction Neurons never function in isolation; they are organized into ensembles or circuits that process specific kinds of information. Although the arrangement of neural circuits varies greatly according to the intended function, some features are characteristic of all such ensembles. The synaptic connections that define a circuit are typically made in a dense tangle of dendrites, axons terminals, and glial cell processes that together constitute neuropil (the suffix -pil comes from the Greek word pilos, meaning “felt”; see Figure 1.3).  Figure 1.3 { (A) Diagram of nerve cells and their component parts. (B) Axon initial segment (blue) en...
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